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Homelessness and Rough
Sleeping Review 2025
Appendix 2
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Contents Page
Executive Summary 2
1. Introduction and Context
- Changes since our last homelessness and rough sleeping strategy
- Future changes affecting homelessness and rough sleeping
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2. Homelessness demand and related data
- Summary of statutory homelessness data for Hillingdon
- Homelessness approaches
- Youth homelessness
- Temporary accommodation
- Housing Register Analysis
- Rough Sleepers
- Those leaving Home Office accommodation
- Court Action Statistics
- Private Rental Costs and Local Housing Allowance
- Homelessness Demand
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3. Homelessness Resources 46
4. Prevention of Homelessness 49
5. Housing Supply and Homelessness Support 53
6. Homelessness Challenges and Priorities
- Temporary Accommodation Reduction Strategy and Action Plan
- Residents’ Services Select Committee Review: Homeless Prevention and the Customer Journey
- Findings from stakeholder engagement
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Executive Summary
Hillingdon faces rising homelessness demand, driven by affordability pressures, asylum dispersal, and private rental market contraction.
This review document considers the following to inform the development of our homelessness strategy:
• Current and future demand related to homelessness in Hillingdon.
• Existing prevention activity, accommodation, and support for homeless households.
• gaps and challenges in current homelessness services.
Key findings
Recent and future developments impacting on Homelessness and Rough Sleeping
• COVID-19 and resulting changes in responses to r ough sleeping. This included ‘Everyone In’ and an increase in grant funding options for
rough sleepers which aided development of our rough sleeping pathway.
• Changing working patterns with much more online and hybrid working.
• World affairs, increased migration and shifting public opinion and political scene. High numbers of asylum seekers and government speeding
up of decision making with the aim to reduce use of hotels for migrants.
• Periods of increased inflation and interest rates, increasing unaffordability and wider sections of the population affected by homelessness.
• Widening gap between Local Housing Allowance and rental costs.
• Landlord rent increases, Section 21 evictions, and some exiting of the market particularly by landlords with small numbers of properties.
• Impact of the building safety agenda and social housing regulation on the balance of social housing provider investment going to existing
homes rather than new provision.
• Change of government. Stated ambition for 1.5m homes and increase in social rented supply, but considerable challenges in delivering.
• Big increase in the numbers of homeless families in nightly paid temporary accommodation with associated costs and risks to council
finances.
• Forthcoming licensing of supported housing.
• Renters’ Rights Bill will bring major reforms to tenancy law —ending Section 21 evictions, introducing Decent Homes Standards (including
Awaab’s Law), capping rent increases, and launching a landlord ombudsman.
• The nature of the housing sector continues to evolve, with larger landlord portfolios in the private rented sector and an increasing presence
of for profit providers in the social rented sector. More small landlords exiting the market.
• Advances in digital technology bringing both efficiencies and additional challenges around digital exclusion and potential ly large changes
associated with AI.
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Homelessness and related data
England January to March 2025
• Initial assessments to determine whether a homelessness duty is owed were down 6.3% compared to the same quarter in 2024.
• Those owed a prevention duty were down 4.5%.
• Those homeless and owed a relief duty were down 7.1%.
• Those owed a main homelessness duty were down 7.9%.
• 131,140 households were in temporary accommodation on 31 March 2025, an increase of 11.8%.
• Households with children in temporary accommodation increased by 11.6%.
• Single households in temporary accommodation increased by 12%.
• 3,870 households with children were in non-self-contained accommodation, nightly paid accommodation; down 30.1% from 31 March 2024.
2,300 had been resident for more than 6 weeks, a 29% drop.
• The number of households in temporary accommodation is much higher in London than in other parts of the country.
Hillingdon data April 2024 to Mar 2025
• The number of households assessed as owed a prevention or relief duty during 2024/25 was 2053 (728 prevention 35%, 1325 relief 65%).
Of these 1,381 had a household member with a support need.
• The ethnic profile of homeless applicants in Hillingdon shows a substantial overrepresentation of certain ethnic minority groups, particularly
Black and ‘Other’ ethnic communities including Arab and other unspecified categories. White and Asian residents are underrepresented.
• Approaches by those threatened with homelessness in Hillingdon are on an upward trend. There were 7,306 approaches in 2024/25. The
most common reasons for approach are family and friend evictions (63% singles, 37% families), private rented sector (PRS) S21 evictions
(25% singles, 75% families), and ending of home office accommodation (81% singles, 19% families). These three reasons account for 58%
of approaches. The number of approaches is expected to increase again in 2025/26.
• The number of households in nightly paid accommodation and the cost of that accommodation is increasing. This has become a significant
financial issue for the Council and prompted the development of a dedicated action plan to reduce use of high cost provision.
• On 1 April 2025 there were 1,562 households in temporary accommodation (TA), an increase of 36% compared to the previous year . Of
these 796 were in nightly paid accommodation, a 10% increase over the previous year. There were no households in non- self-contained
nightly paid accommodation on or since 1 April 2025.
• Bookings into nightly paid accommodation between April 2025 and March 2026 totalled 740. This is 8% more than the previous year.
• Bailiff warrants for private sector evictions are by far the most prominent reason for bookings into nightly paid accommodati on, accounting
for 42% of all bookings in 2024/25. This rises to 58% of bookings for families requiring 3 bedrooms and 82% of bookings for those requiring
4 bedrooms or more. Other prominent reasons for bookings are domestic abuse (13%), ending of Home Office accommodation (11%), and
friends and family evictions (9%). The most common booking reason for those needing a single bedroom was domestic abuse, accounting
for 18% of bookings, followed by hospital discharge (14%) and bai liff war rant/PRS eviction, medi cal and, ending of Home Office
accommodation (all 13%).
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• The highest number of bookings was for households needing 2 bedrooms (269), followed by 1 bedroom (208), 3 bedrooms (198), and then
4 or more bedrooms (69).
• On 31 March 2025 there were 3,194 households on Hillingdon Housing Register (28% 1 bed need, 32% 2 bed, 29% 3 bed & 11% 4 bed or
more).
• 895 of those registered were homeless households (29% 1 bed need, 34 % 2 bed, 2 6% 3 bed & 11% 4 bed or more). The vast majority,
830, were owed the main homelessness duty. 46 were owed the relief duty and 19 the prevention duty.
• The main age groups of homeless households on the housing register are 25 to 44 (507) and 45-59 (248). These two groups account for
85% of applicants.
• Overcrowding is the most common cause for registration accounting for 38% of applicants compared to 29% homeless.
• CHAIN data for rough sleepers shows a total of 492 individuals were recorded as sleeping rough in Hillingdon between 1 April 2024 and 31
March 2025. When including figures from Heathrow, this number increases by a further 301 individuals, bringing the total to 793.This
combined figure places Hillingdon above neighbouring boroughs such as Hounslow (336) , Hammersmith & Fulham (439), Brent (551) and
Ealing (723). Harrow recorded the lowest number of rough sleepers across West London, with 94 individuals during the same period.
• The number seen bedded down at the airport is 2% lower than in 2023/24, but the number in Hillingdon borough increased by 66%.
• The vast majority of rough sleepers in Hillingdon borough (excluding Heathrow) are male, 26 to 35 is the large age group. The main ethnic
make-up is 33% White, 28% Asian or Asian British and 26% Black or Black British. The number seen rough sleeping on multiple occasions
rose significantly between 2022/23 and 2023/24 and remained high in 2024/25, highlighting a growing issue of entrenched or repeat
homelessness.
• During 2024/25 there were 187 rough sleepers in Hillingdon borough (excluding Heathrow) with a mental health support need, 106 with a
drugs related support need and 96 alcohol. There were 49 rough sleepers with more than one support need and 121 with no alcohol, drugs
or mental health support needs.
• The corresponding figures for Heathrow were: 128 rough sleepers at Heathrow with a mental health support need, 49 with an alcohol related
support need and 49 drugs. There were 106 rough sleepers with more than one support need and 168 with no alcohol, drugs or mental
health support needs.
• The proportion of female rough sleepers is much higher at Heathrow accounting for between 23% and 29% each year since 2020/21.
• Of the rough sleepers in Hillingdon borough in 2024/25 there were 9 people previously in the armed forces, 86 in prison and 21 care leavers.
The corresponding numbers for Heathrow were 8 armed forces, 43 prison and 9 care leavers.
• Hillingdon has a ‘Target Priority Group’ of 19 complex and entrenched rough sleepers.
• We have a growing cohort of people facing homelessness and rough sleeping after being moved on from Home Office accommodation .
Hillingdon has the highest concentration of asylum seekers in contingency hotel accommodation in any London borough. A growing number
are becoming street homeless as the council struggles to meet statutory obligations amid funding shortfalls and rising demand.
• There is a generally upward trend in repossessions across landlord types.
• Based on July 2024 to June 2025 average rental costs were between £224 more per month than Local Housing Allowance rates for a 1
bedroomed property to £788 more for a 4 bedroomed property.
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• We estimate that there will be approximately 741 bookings into nightly paid temporary accommodation during 2026/27. To remove the need
for nightly paid accommodation and keep pace with homelessness demand, it is estimated that we will need to source accommodat ion
placements for around 628 of these bookings as some will make their own arrangements. We will also need find alternative accommodation
for the 800+ households currently in nightly paid temporary accommodation.
Homelessness Challenges and Priorities
• A dedicated plan has been developed to reduce the number and cost of households placed in temporary accommodation. The following
four workstreams are taking this work forward.
o Increase prevention and reduce new temporary accommodation placements
o Increase access to alternative housing options
o Reduce the cost of temporary accommodation
o Increase move-on into social housing
• The Council’s Cabinet has approved taking forward recommendations made by the Residents’ Services Select Committee Review into the
Council’s Housing Advice and Homelessness Service. Recommendations are made in the following areas:
o Enhancing Resident Experience
o Managing expectations and process efficiency
o Staff support & training
o Partnerships & collaboration
• Engagement with stakeholders in developing the strategy has covered a wide range of issues and recommendations. Key emerging themes
are:
o Prioritise preventative work to prevent homelessness at an early stage.
o Improved partnering arrangements with better planning and coordination of services. Improved data sharing and referral pathways.
o Engagement with wider range of voluntary and faith based organisations
o A focus on service delivery to ensure professionalism, consistency and efficiency. Better collaboration between teams. Clear plans
and guidelines. Clear governance and decision making structures.
o Need for more joint training, protocols and communication channels with internal and external partners.
o Further integration of employment support with housing services.
o Need for a quality control and performance management culture along with a framework that promotes staff wellbeing and prevents
burnout.
o Concerns regarding increased numbers of asylum seekers and the fairness of pressure on Hillingdon in particular. A large proportion
are single males and a lack of resources for this group, that does not have statutory priority need, is impacting on rough sleeping.
o A need for mental health outreach services.
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o Specific groups - Increase in households with an autistic member; housing options for those under 35 and for those who are benefit
capped; reluctance of landlords to accept ex -offenders, solutions for those without recourse to public funds ; increased domestic
abuse presentations.
o Further develop existing work to enhance data capabilities and allow for access to data on demand. Explore opportunities for use of
AI to assist in service delivery.
o Focus on increasing accommodat ion options for both temporary and permanent housing across tenures . To include longer term
leasing options and a planned acquisitions and development programme with a key focus on reducing TA volumes and costs.
o Building corporate landlord relationships, concerns regarding S21 changes causing landlords to exit the market. Engagement plan
for landlords; coordination to identify HMO landlords early and to work with them.
o Unaffordable housing options, especially for single adults combine with a reluctance to consider other geographical areas. Need to
ensure that residents are provided with information to enable them to make an informed choice about realistic, sustainable options.
o Concerns around the quality of accommodation and anti-social behaviour.
o Mechanism to monitor and capture learning from complaints and reviews. Structured approach to gathering resident feedback.
o Consideration should be given to see how a Housing First model could potentially work in Hillingdon.
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1. Introduction
The homelessness review is about understanding the picture related to homelessness in Hillingdon. Its purpose is to determine the extent to which
the population in the district is homeless or at risk of becoming homeless, assess the likely extent in the future, identify what is currently being done
and by whom, and identify what resources are available, to prevent and tackle homelessness.
The Homelessness code of guidance for local authorities requires that the review of homelessness includes:
(a) The levels and likely future levels of homelessness in the borough;
(b) The activities which are carried out for any of the following purposes (or which contribute to achieving any of them):
I. Preventing homelessness in the borough
II. Securing that accommodation is available for people in the district who are or may become homeless; and
III. Providing support for people in the district who are homeless or who may become at risk of homelessness; or who have been homeless
and need support to prevent them becoming homeless again; and,
(c) The resources available to the housing authority, the social services authority, other public authorities, voluntary organisations and other persons
for the activities outlined in (b) above.
Changes since our last Homelessness and Rough Sleeping Strategy
Our last strategy was published right at the end of 2019 and there have been huge changes in the landscape around homelessness services since
that time. It was shortly before C ovid hit and the accompanying lockdowns . This had signif icant impacts for homelessness and for the working
environment in general. It speeded up a transition to more online and home working. Many councils stopped in person work with homeless people
altogether although that wasn’t the case in Hillingdon.
‘Everyone In’, Rough Sleeping Initiative and development of Hillingdon’s Rough Sleeping Pathway
Of particular significance was the ‘Everyone In initiative which saw around 160 rough sleepers moved into accommodation from Heathrow Airport.
Arrangements were made for leasing of Olympic House, a 33 bed unit which provides first stage accommodation for rough sleepers and a hub to
provide other services for homeless clients.
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Throughout the last homelessness strategy there have been grant funding regimes for homelessness , especially for rough sleepers. The Rough
Sleeper Initiative (RSI) in particular has been significant in developing the rough sleepers ’ partnership in Hillingdon. Other funding streams such
as public health funding for drug and alcohol services for homeless people and funding for accommodation has also enabled increased service
provision.
Affordability, private rental market and cost of living
Incremental reform of the PRS has created churn in the market as small-scale investors sell up and the stock becomes slightly more concentrated
among professional business landlords with larger portfolios. Large landlords, such as those in the Build to Rent market have emerged as an
important component but remain peripheral.
Demand in the PRS remains high and rents have risen. In 2024/25, Hillingdon's average rent stood at £1,423, marking a 12% annual increase
from the previous year. This is £429 higher than the England average (£994), but still below the London average, which reached £2,698 for new
tenancies in Q1 2025. Hillingdon ranks 28th out of 33 London boroughs in terms of rental cost, indicating it's relatively more affordable position
within the capital.
1 The most common rental property type in Hillingdon is 2-bedroom homes, comprising 39.1% of the rental stock.
The Local Housing Allowance (LHA) rates for Hillingdon are set annually by the Rent Officer. After having been frozen for a number of years , the
government re-pegged LHA rates to the 30th percentile of local rents as of September 2023 and applied this rate from April 2024, resulting in an
average increase of 16% across Broad Rental Market Areas (BRMAs). In Central London, households renting a 3-bedroom property saw support
rise by up to £82 per week. In Outer London areas like Hillingdon, increases were more modest but still significant. The April 2004 adjustment was
not repeated for 2025 when 2004 rates were carried forward. While exact figures on how many properties were listed at LHA levels aren't published,
anecdotal evidence and council data suggest a significant shortfall in properties available at or below LHA rates, especially for larger households.
The gap between average rents charged between July 2024 and June 2025 ranged from £223 for 1 bed properties to £788 for 4 bed properties.
Savills has recently published a comprehensive analysis on the availability of private rented accommodation in the UK, highli ghting a significant
structural shift in the market. Their report, Beyond Buy to Let, reveals that small individual landlords are exiting the market at an accelerated pace,
with 290,000 rental properties sold between 2021 and 2024, compared to just 130,000 new Build to Rent homes delivered. 2 The ratio of homes
sold by landlords to those bought by landlords from owner occupiers reached 5.4:1 in 2024, up from 1:1 in 2021. This trend is driven by rising
costs, tax changes, and ageing landlord demographics, with many seeking to cash in on capital gains. The result is a net loss of rental supply,
particularly in suburban areas, where listings remain 31% below pre-pandemic levels.
1 Council and housing association evictions: Overview - GOV.UK
2 Savills UK | Beyond Buy to Let: Where next for the UK private rented sector
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In London, a joint study by Savills and the London School of Economics found that the availability of private rented homes has dropped by 41%
since 2017, with the steepest decline in larger properties
3. The research shows that only 5% of listings were affordable to households relying on
Local Housing Allowance (LHA) in mid- 2024, despite a nominal LHA rate increase. The contraction is most severe in the most affordable areas,
where rental stock is disappearing fastest. This has profound implications for homelessness prevention, as boroughs increasin gly struggle to
source suitable accommodation. The reports call for ur gent government intervention, including raising LHA rates, offering fiscal incentives to
landlords, and funding public acquisition of rental stock to stabilise the market and vulnerable renters.
Developments in Housing Case Law
In recent years, the legal landscape surrounding homelessness in England has undergone notable shifts, driven by evolving int erpretations of
statutory duties and the impact of broader societal challenges such as the COVID -19 pandemic. For housing professionals and policy officers,
staying abreast of these developments is essential - not only to ensure compliance with legal obligations but also to uphold the rights and dignity
of those experiencing homelessness. Since 2020, several key court decisions have c larified the responsibilities of local authorities, particularly in
relation to the provision of suitable accommodation, assessments of vulnerability, and the treatment of repeat applications. The following case law
highlights some of the most influential rulings that continue to shape policy and practice in this sector.
Croydon LBC v Imam reinforced that financial constraints do not absolve councils from their statutory obligations, with the Supreme Court affirming
that mandatory orders can compel compliance unless robust justification is provided4.
Other cases have focused on the quality and suitability of accommodation offered. In Hajjaj v Westminster, the Court of Appeal ruled that councils
must base suitability assessments on evidence, not assumptions, especially when offering private rented homes . Similarly, Ciftci v Haringey
clarified that while councils have discretion in determining intentional homelessness, they must still conduct reasonable enquiries and document
their decisions thoroughly. Collectively, these rulings underscore the need for transparency, evidence- based decision-making, and procedural
rigour in how homelessness duties are administered.
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Increase in number of asylum seekers
3 Private Rented Sector Supply in London | London Councils – Home
4 Key Supreme Court judgment concerning… - Landmark Chambers
5 Homelessness duties for local authorities - Birketts
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Since the last Hillingdon homelessness strategy was published there has been a significant increase in the number of people claiming asylum .
Between 2004 and 2020 there were between 22,000 and 46,000 people claiming asylum in the UK each year. However, since the second half of
2021 the increase has been notable, with 109,000 applications in the year to the end of March 2025, of which 33% arrived via small boats.6 The
total asylum caseload has grown, driven both by applicants waiting longer for an initial decision and a growth in the number of people subject to
removal action following a negative decision.
The North East and the North West regions have the highest number of asylum seekers relative to their population. London also has a high ratio
compared to other areas (21.2 per 10,000 at the end of March 2025) due to the presence of a large number of asylum seekers in hotels which,
along with the proximity of Heathrow airport , has impacted on the number of asylum seekers in Hillingdon and Hounslow . The topic has become
increasingly contentious, marked by demonstrations and legal action in some areas.
As the government has taken actions to speed up processing of asylum applications and reduce the number housed in hotels , this has meant
additional pressure on local authority homelessness advice and housing services and has negatively impacted on rough sleeping numbers in the
capital.
Action has been taken from September 2025 to pause the Refugee family reunion scheme, while changes are made to the law. Under proposed
new rules, refugees will have to remain in the UK for two years to qualify to bring their family and will face tougher financial and language
requirements.
Future changes affecting homelessness and rough sleeping
The Mayor's Rough Sleeping Plan of Action 2025
The Mayor of London’s 2025 Rough Sleeping Plan of Action outlines a comprehensive and ambitious strategy to eliminate rough sleeping across
the capital by 2030. Central to the approach are measures aimed at prevention, early intervention, and the provision of sustainable housing
pathways. A key reform includes transitioning from the current requirement for individuals to be visibly rough sleeping before receiving support, to
a needs -based assessment model by 2028. The plan proposes the establishment of Endi ng Homelessness Hubs, the launch of a dedicated
prevention phoneline, and the expansion of support worker outreach in community settings such as day centres and food banks.
A flagship initiative, ‘Homes off the Streets’, will see up to 500 vacant social housing units refurbished for long-term accommodation for those at
risk. The Mayor has secured £17 million in government funding, alongside a £10 million investment from City Hall, to underpin these interventions.
The strategy also urges central government to enhance funding for local authorities, restore the social safety net, and significantly increase the
6 How many people claim asylum in the UK? - GOV.UK
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supply of affordable housing. Building on previous achievements, including supporting over 18,000 individuals off the streets, the plan marks a shift
from reactive crisis management to a system-wide, preventative approach.7
Applications for the Homes Off the Streets Programme (part of the Affordable Homes Programme 2021– 2026) must be submitted via the GLA’s
Open Project System (OPS), with projects starting on site by March 2026 and most completions expected by 2028 (some strategic sites may
extend to 2029). Application proposals should include project details, tenure mix, financials, and timelines. The GLA prioritises large- scale,
deliverable schemes that demonstrate value for money, quality, and alignment with Mayoral priorities such as sustainability, equality, and building
safety.
National Government Approach to Homelessness
The government has in December 2025 published ‘A National Plan to End Homelessness
8’, it’s Homelessness and Rough Sleeping Strategy and
is set to publish a wider Housing Strategy . The Homelessness Strategy is cross-government, to include a focus on prevention and to deliver a
long-term plan. The Plan aims (1) to halve rough sleeping within 3 years; (2) to end the use of bed and breakfast as temporary accommodation for
families with children beyond the statutory limit of 6 weeks and (3) prevent more households from becoming homeless in the fi rst place. Public
investment over the next three years includes a fourth round of the Local Authority Housing Fund which will help to increase the supply of good-
quality temporary accommodation. Action to help prevent homelessness includes an additional Homelessness P revention Grant in the current
year, 2025/26, and a new duty on public bodies to work together to prevent homelessness, which is intended to ensure that no- one is discharged
from prison, hospital or asylum accommodation without accommodation being availabl e for them. There will also be a review of social housing
allocations policy to assess how effectively housing associations and local authorities are using new homes and relets to meet the needs of
homeless households.
The wider ‘Plan for Change aims to also boost social and affordable housing and end no fault evictions. It has been confirmed that the Vagrancy
Act 1824 will be repealed by Spring next year to ensure that rough sleeping is no longer a criminal offence.
The Government has proposed reforms to how homelessness services and temporary accommodation are funded as part of the Fair Funding
Review 2.0. Temporary accommodation funding currently provided through the Homelessness Prevention Grant will be transferred to the Revenue
Support Grant which will have a new Temporary Accommodation funding formula to account for varied need for temporary accommodation across
the country. All other homelessness and rough sleeping funding will come through a consolidated Homelessness and Rough Sleeping Grant. The
separation of TA funding aims to resolve the current tension faced by local authorities between investing in prevention and covering TA costs and
will create dedicated ring fenced funding streams for homelessness and rough sleeping prevention.
7 The Mayor's Rough Sleeping Plan of Action 2025 | London City Hall
8 A National Plan to End Homelessness
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The Spending Review announced an additional £100 million to fund increased homelessness prevention activity by local authoriti es. The
government is also providing £950 million of investment for the fourth round of the Local Authority Housing Fund to support local authorities in
England to increase the supply of good quality temporary accommodation and drive down the use of costly bed and breakfasts and hotels.
A commitment has been made for a £39bn Social and Affordable Homes Programme over the next 10 years to boost the supply of social and
affordable housing. 60% of the programme will be aimed a properties for social rent. More of the funding will be in the latter half of the time period,
with only around a third in the current parliament. The proportion for London is 30% despite having 56% of the households in temporary
accommodation. The Government’s overall housing target is for 1.5 million homes over the current Parliament.
Local Housing Allowance (LHA) rates have been periodically capped and frozen and this has resulted in a growing number of households facing
a shortfall between the LHA they receive and the rent they pay, impacting on homelessness. For temporary accommodation, funding is essentially
based on the 2011 rate and has not kept pace with local authorities’ rising TA costs. Government is reluctant to increase spending on LHA but
have signalled that they may look again at the time of the Autumn 2025 budget.
New homes delivery across London
Last year, 3,991 affordable homes were started in London. This was well above the 2,358 starts in 2023-24, but still the second-lowest on record.
A number of factors have been highlighted as undermining housing supply and the delivery of affordable homes across the capit al. Complex
brownfield sites, high land values, rising interest rates, and sustained build cost inflation have increased development costs, leading developers to
conclude many projects are ‘unviable’. The Mayor has also stated that the requirement for a second staircase in residential buildings over 18
metres as a fire safety measure has also impacted viability.
Affordable housing providers have said that macroeconomic conditions, increased costs relating to their existing stock, and reduced forecast rental
incomes have pressured their budgets for building new homes. The rising cost of retrofitting existing homes , especially in relation to fire safety,
damp and mould, are major constraints on development plans. Lack of suitable land and inadequate grant levels, given increased build costs and
higher environmental standards are also cited.
9
Renters’ Rights Bill
The Renters Rights Bill currently working its way through parliament will strengthen tenants’ rights and professionalise property management in
the sector. It is expected to receive Royal Assent in late 2025 and to become law in early 2026. It will:
• Abolish section 21 evictions
9 Affordable homes programmes in London, July 2025
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• Ensure possession grounds are fair to both parties
• Provide stronger protections against backdoor evictions
• Introduce a new Private Rented Sector Landlord Ombudsman
• Create a Private Rented Sector Database
• Give tenants strengthened rights to request a pet in the property
• Apply the Decent Homes Standard to the private rented sector
• Apply ‘Awaab’s Law to the private rented sector
• Make it illegal for landlord and agents to discriminate against prospective tenants in receipt of benefits or with children
• End the practice of rental bidding by prohibiting landlords and agents from asking for or accepting offers above the advertised rent
• Strengthen local authority enforcement
• Strengthen rent repayment orders
Once the bill has received royal assent there is an expected phased introduction of the various measures. Some will only become law when
additional regulations are made. Private rented sec tor enforcement powers are expected to be amongst the earlier measures introduced. The
abolition of S21 evictions is currently expected around April 2026. The introduction of the PRS database and of Awaab’s law are expected to be
further in the future.
The Renters’ Rights Bill marks a significant shift in the private rented sector by abolishing Section 21 ‘no fault’ evictions, a long-standing mechanism
that allowed landlords to terminate tenancies without providing a reason. This reform is expected to enhance housing security for millions of renters,
reducing the risk of sudden displacement and the associated pathway into homelessness. By moving to a system of rolling periodic tenancies and
requiring landlords to cite legitimate grounds for possession—suc h as persistent rent arrears or the need to sell or occupy the property —the Bill
aims to create a fairer and more transparent framework. These changes are anticipated to empower tenants to challenge poor conditions and
unfair rent increases without fear of retaliatory eviction, thereby contributing to greater housing stability and potentially easing pressure on
homelessness services
In Hillingdon, where demand for temporary accommodation is already high and budgets are under pressure, the removal of this eviction route
could help reduce the number of households entering homelessness by offering greater security of tenure. However, the effectiveness of this
reform will depend on the timely implementation of court system improvements and the availability of genuinely affordable housing. Without these,
the pressure on local services may persist, even as the legislative landscape shifts.
There is concern that some landlords may choose to exit the rental market in response as landlords will no longer be able to regain possession of
their properties without citing specific legal grounds, such as rent arrears or anti -social behaviour. The increased reliance on Section 8 and the
court system may also raise concerns about delays and administrative burdens, prompting some to reconsider their involvement in the sector. The
actual scale of landlord withdrawal will likely depend on how effectively t he new system is implemented, including court efficiency and support for
landlords navigating the new legal framework.
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Supported Housing Regulatory Oversight Act 2023 (SHROA)
The introduction of this legislation was motivated by gaps in regulation, which led to some inconsi stencies in standards amongst providers.
Additionally, the rapid growth of exempt accommodation, has raised concerns in some areas about high rental charges and limited support being
provided. The SHROA seeks to improve oversight by enabling councils to identify and respond to providers who do not meet expected standards.
Supported housing provides essential services to diverse groups of individuals with support needs , of interest to homelessness services as well
as colleagues and partners working in related areas. Primary groups of people served by supported housing include:
• Older adults
• People with physical and learning disabilities
• People with mental health conditions
• People fleeing domestic abuse
• People experiencing or at risk of homelessness
• People recovering from substance misuse
• Individuals transitioning from the justice system
• Young people leaving care
The SHROA requires local councils to conduct comprehensive needs assessments to understand local demand and plan service provision
accordingly. It also requires each council to develop a supported housing strategy outlining how the council plans to meet the assessed needs and
include frameworks for monitoring, evaluation and enforcement.
One of the most significant provisions of the SHROA is the introduction of a licensing system for supported housing providers. Councils will be
responsible for issuing licences based on a provider’s ability to meet new National Supported Housing Standards. This provides the mechanisms
and relevant powers for LA s to regulate both commissioned and non- commissioned providers, ensuring that all housing meets consistent
standards. Draft regulations are expected early in 2026.
For profit housing providers
The presence of For-Profit Registered Providers (F PRP) in the affordable housing sector is continuing to increase. Savill s has found a clear
ambition from investors to scale up their portfolios, with an expectation that a current 43,100 homes will triple by 2030. A quarter of the sector’s
housing stock is expected to be for social rent through new build and through investment in existing homes, releasing capacity for housing
associations. This comes at a time when many traditional housing associations have reduced development programmes in favour of investment in
existing homes.
15 | Page
Advances in digital technology
The increasing use and the capabilities of digital technology have profound significance for many service areas, including those impacted by
homelessness and those working in homelessness services. Digital service delivery is becoming more and more relevant in increasing resident
accessibility to services and delivering efficiencies.
Embracing GenAI tools has the potential to assist with general tasks such as writing emails , project planning, and writing up notes for instance. It
has also been suggested that AI could be used in homelessness for identifying risk factors that may lead to homelessness and for coordinating the
support people experiencing homelessness receive from various channels helping to match services to a person’s specific needs. There are also
potential pitfalls including the need to check the accuracy of information produced and ensuring that confidential and sensitive information is not
shared. AI has potential but can also draw unhelpful conclusions and undermine professional and person-centred approaches.
As public and other services move increasingly online , being digitally excluded is a growing barrier to everyday life and is especially so for those
facing housing instability, low income or health challenges. For those living in temporary accommodation, access to privat e, secure connectivity
can be difficult. Many are forced to rely on free public access Wifi in shared public spaces. They may struggle to manage bank or benefit accounts,
access health appointments or communicate confidentially with support services.
Digital technology is also changing how landlords let properties and seek to protect their income and property. Landlords with fewer properties face
heightened vulnerability, where a single non- paying tenants can result in substantial income loss. In response, landlords increasingly prioritise
stringent tenant screening to mitigate risks such as rent arrears and property damage. ‘Professionals only’ advertisement are common on digital
platforms.
Estate agents are leveraging technology to augment rather than replace services , including use of digital tenant risk -profiling tools which use
algorithms to streamline tenant selection, replacing traditional judgement based methods. Services combine identify verification and credit checks
with other data sources to offer comprehensive tenant screening and risk scoring. The adoption of these tools raises questions about their impacts
on fairness, discrimination and tenant rights. The tools enable landlords to access financial and administrative data, enhancing tenant selection
decisions while streamlining processes. However, digitalisation also exacerbates accessibility barriers, particularly for tenants in non- standard
employment, reliant on benefits or with limited digital proficiency.
16 | Page
2. Homelessness and related data
This section is concerned with the types of homelessness in Hillingdon and the number of people and households affected. It considers what types
of households are most susceptible to homelessness in Hillingdon and, what causes them to be homeless or threatened with homelessness.
National statutory homelessness statistics published for the 2025 January to March quarter show that the total number of households in temporary
accommodation continues to rise and is at record levels for households both with and without children . At the end of March 2025 , 131, 140
households were living in TA an increase of 11.8% over the previous year, two-thirds (63.4%) of which are households with children.
There have been some improvements. The number of households owed a main homelessness duty fell by 7.9% and accommodation secured at
the end of both relief and prevention duties are higher than for the previous two years. The number in non- self-contained B&B also dropped and
those in this accommodation for more than 6 weeks also reduced. Section 21 evictions remain a leading cause of homelessness presentations.
In the quarter January to March 2025 the number of households per 1,000 in the area threatened with homelessness was 2.86 in London compared
with 1.71 for the Rest of England. The following number per 1,000 were recorded for West London Boroughs.
West London Borough Threatened with homelessness
per 1,000 households
Brent 5.10
Ealing 2.79
Hammersmith and Fulham 2.61
Harrow 1.77
Hounslow 4.16
Hillingdon 4.01
Kensington and Chelsea 2.60
On 31 March 2025, there were 19.9 households living in temporary accommodation per 1,000 households in London, compared to 2.8 households
per 1,000 in the Rest of England. Newham had the highest rate in London with 57.7 households per 1,000. The corresponding figure for Hillingdon
is 17.7. Slough Borough Council had the highest rate outside London with 23.8 households per 1,000.
17 | Page
Summary of Statutory Homelessness Data for Hillingdon
Ethnicity of homeless applicants Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Total
White 105 28.2% 113 27.6% 169 25.1% 122 19.6% 509 25.1%
Black / African / Caribbean / Black British 74 19.9% 95 23.2% 170 25.3% 193 30.9% 532 24.8%
Asian / Asian British 83 22.3% 91 22.2% 174 25.9% 144 23.1% 492 23.4%
Mixed / Multiple ethnic groups 25 6.7% 15 3.7% 28 4.2% 23 3.7% 91 4.6%
Other ethnic groups 64 17.2% 79 19.3% 105 15.6% 113 18.1% 361 17.6%
Not known 21 5.6% 16 3.9% 27 4.0% 29 4.6% 93 4.6%
In 2024/25, the ethnic profile of homeless applicants in Hillingdon shows notable disparities when compared to the borough's overall population
based on the 2021 Census
10. White residents, who make up around 48.2% of Hillingdon’s population, accounted for only 25.1% of homeless
10 How life has changed in Hillingdon: Census 2021
Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Total
Initial assessment completed 393 435 688 639 2155
Total households with support needs owed a duty 178 277 463 463 1381
Households owed a prevention duty 154 126 280 168 728
Households owed a relief duty 218 258 393 456 1325
Secured accommodation for 6 months at prevention stage 45 57 66 36 204
- alternative accommodation 16 25 33 23 97
- existing accommodation 29 32 33 13 107
Helped to secure with a financial payment at prevention stage 4 8 14 11 37
Secured accommodation for 6 months at relief stage 48 105 66 60 279
Helped to secure with a financial payment at relief stage 4 13 10 6 33
Number of main duty decisions 172 158 109 90 529
Of which, accepted priority need, unintentional 138 134 90 71 433
- includes dependent children 115 105 61 47 328
Number of main duty ended 10 14 35 15 74
18 | Page
applicants, indicating significant underrepresentation. Conversely, Black / African / Caribbean / Black British individuals r epresented 24.8% of
homeless applicants, despite comprising just 7.8% of the general population—highlighting a substantial overrepr esentation. Asian / Asian British
residents were also underrepresented, making up 23.4% of homeless applicants compared to 33.3% of the population. Other ethni c groups,
including Arab and other unspecified categories, were overrepresented at 17.6% of appli cants versus 6.3% of the population. Mixed / Multiple
ethnic groups were proportionally represented, with 4.6% of applicants compared to 4.4% of the population. These figures suggest that
homelessness in Hillingdon disproportionately affects certain ethnic minority groups, particularly Black and Other ethnic communities.
Homeless Approaches
In the fiscal year 2024/25, Hillingdon Council experienced a significant increase of 47% in homelessness approaches over the previous year, which
was itself an increase of 28% over the year before that. Single-person households constituted 55% of these cases. This is a reduction from 66%
the year before.
In 2024/25, the total number of homelessness approaches received by the local authority rose significantly to 7,306, compared with 4,968 in
2023/24 and 3,886 in the preceding year. This upward trend is expected to continue over the coming year. The pattern of two-thirds of approaches
originating from single-person households remained consistent with previous years. Of the total, 4,032 approaches were from single individuals,
while 3,274 were from households with families. This upward trend is expected to continue into 2025/26.
19 | Page
Homeless approaches in Hillingdon remained consistently high throughout 2024/25, with notable fluctuations. Singles accounted for the majority
of approaches each month, peaking sharply in January 2025 at 414 cases, while families reached their highest point in February at 422 cases.
The winter period (December –February) saw a significant surge compared to earlier months, suggesting seasonal pressures and possibly
clearance of court backlog driving demand. Overall, the trend indicates sustained and rising pr essure on homelessness services, with single
households consistently forming the largest cohort, though family approaches also spiked during the year.
315
269
325
287 304
254
354 339
321
249
288 289
343
319
289 273 268
189
414
292
422
271
389
243
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
Singles
Families
Singles
Families
Singles
Families
Singles
Families
Singles
Families
Singles
Families
Singles
Families
Singles
Families
Singles
Families
Singles
Families
Singles
Families
Singles
Families
Apr-24 May-24 Jun-24 Jul-24 Aug-24 Sep-24 Oct-24 Nov-24 Dec-24 Jan-25 Feb-25 Mar-25
Homeless Approaches 2024/25
20 | Page
The chart highlights the main reasons for homelessness approaches in Hillingdon during 2024/25. The two dominant causes are end of private
rented tenancy (assured shorthold) and requirement to leave Home Office- provided accommodation, together accounting for the largest share of
cases. Both reasons affect families more than singles, with family approaches for assured shorthold tenancy terminations exceeding 1,200 cases,
compared to around 330 for singles. Conversely, leaving Home Office accommodation disproportionately impacts singles, with nearly 970 cases,
compared to 233 for families. Other significant factors include domestic abuse, relationship breakdown, and eviction from supported housing,
though these are far less frequent. This pattern underscores t he dual pressures of private rental insecurity and asylum dispersal policies as key
drivers of homelessness demand, alongside persistent issues such as domestic abuse and institutional discharge.
0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400
End of private rented tenancy; assured shorthold…
Required to leave accommodation provided by…
Domestic abuse; victim
End of private rented tenancy - not assured…
Relationship with partner ended (non-violent…
Departure from institution: Custody
Non-racially motivated / other motivated violence…
Voluntarily left accommodation to relocate
Fire or flood / other emergency
Loss of tied accommodation
Departure from institution: Looked After Child…
Unsuccessful placement or exclusion from…
Left HM Forces
Approach Reasons 2024/25
Total Singles Total Families
21 | Page
HOMELESS APPROACHES 2024/25 Total
Singles
Total
Families
Overall
Total
Friends/Family no longer willing or able to accommodate 1067 632 1699
End of private rented tenancy; assured shorthold tenancy 329 990 1319
Required to leave accommodation provided by Home Office as asylum
support 967 233 1200
Eviction from supported housing 283 180 463
Domestic abuse; victim 210 224 434
End of private rented tenancy - not assured shorthold tenancy 162 239 401
Not known due to last settled accommodation Not known 182 93 275
Relationship with partner ended (non-violent breakdown) 141 114 255
Home no longer suitable due to disability / ill health 92 109 201
Departure from institution: Custody 176 2 178
Mortgage repossession or sale of owner occupier property 54 110 164
Non-racially motivated / other motivated violence or harassment 67 55 122
End of social rented tenancy 48 50 98
Voluntarily left accommodation to relocate 48 47 95
Property disrepair (Inhabitable) 27 60 87
Fire or flood / other emergency 14 45 59
Domestic abuse; alleged perpetrator excluded from property 42 15 57
Loss of tied accommodation 36 15 51
Racially motivated violence or harassment 14 30 44
Departure from institution: Looked After Child Placement 28 9 37
Departure from institution: Hospital (general or psychiatric) 37 4 41
Unsuccessful placement or exclusion from resettlement
scheme/sponsorship 7 14 21
Left HM Forces 1 4 5
22 | Page
Youth Homelessness
Analysis of the 2024/25 dataset reveals that the most prevalent reason for homelessness is “ Required to leave accommodation provided by
Home Office as asylum support ”, accounting for 279 cases (31.2%). This is most commonly associated with applicants previously housed in
National Asylum Support Service (NASS) accommodation, refuges, and temporary arrangements. The second most frequent reason is “ Family
no longer willing or able to accommodate”, with 271 cases (30.3%), predominantly linked to those living with family or friends. Domestic abuse
(victim) ranks third, contributing to 53 cases (5.9%), with a notable proportion coming from refuge settings and temporary accommodation. These
findings highlight the critical intersection between immigration status, family breakdown, and domestic abuse in driving housing instability. The data
underscores the need for tailored support pathways for individuals exiting asylum support and those affected by familial or relationship breakdowns.
The most common accommodation outcome under both prevention and relief duties was securing self-contained units in the private rented sector,
accounting for 0.6% and 3.4% of cases respectively.
Main reason for loss of settled home (Top 10) Total
Required to leave accommodation provided by Home Office as asylum support 279
Family no longer willing or able to accommodate 271
Domestic abuse; victim 53
Eviction from supported housing 43
End of private rented tenancy; assured shorthold tenancy 43
Friends no longer willing or able to accommodate 35
Departure from institution: Custody 27
Not known due to last settled accommodation Not known 26
End of private rented tenancy - not assured shorthold tenancy 26
Departure from institution: Looked After Child Placement 17
Temporary Accommodation/B&B
At the close of the 2024/25 period, the count of households residing in temporary accommodation (TA) stood at 1,562, marking an increase of 415
from the 1147 recorded at the year’s commencement. During 2024/25 there were 7 40 new bookings into temporary accommodation. This is 5 8
more than the previous year. On 31 March 2025 the number of households in high cost B&B was 796 which is an increase of 18.3% over two
years.
Throughout the 2024/25 year, the B&B bookings distributed as follows: 206 for one-bedroom (-15 compared to 2023/24), 267 for two-bedroom
(+20), 199 for three-bedroom (+40), 64 for four-bedroom (-8), and 4 for accommodations larger than four bedrooms (-1).
23 | Page
Private rented sector evictions via bailiff warrants dominate, accounting for the largest share of bookings across all bed sizes, particularly for larger
homes (3–4 bedrooms), where this reason represents the overwhelming majority. Domestic abuse and cessation of Home Office accommodation
are the next most common causes, with a more even distribution across smaller bed sizes (1–2 bedrooms). Other reasons such as friends or family
eviction, hospital discharge, and medical needs appear less frequently and are concentrated in smaller properties. This pattern highlights that
eviction from the private rented sector is the primary driver of high-cost temporary accommodation, especially for families requiring larger homes,
while single-person households are more likely to enter TA due to domestic abuse or health-related issues.
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350
Bailiff Warrant - Private Rented Sector Eviction
Domestic Abuse Victim
Cessation of Home Office Accommodation
Friends or Family Eviction
Medical
Hospital Discharge
Judicial Review or Pending Appeal
Family Reunion (withour suitable accommodation)
End of Accommodation by Childrens Social Services
Care Leaver
Top 10 Booking Reasons by Bed Size
1 2 3 4 5
24 | Page
Reason 1B 2B 3B 4B 5B Total % of
Approaches
% of all
bookings
Bailiff Warrant - Private Rented Sector
Eviction 27 119 115 53 3 317 24% 43%
Domestic Abuse Victim 38 42 16 96 22% 13%
Cessation of Home Office
Accommodation 27 28 29 2 86 7% 12%
Friends or Family Eviction 17 45 9 1 0 72 4% 10%
Medical 27 3 1 31 15% 4%
Hospital Discharge 29 29 71% 4%
Judicial Review or Pending Appeal 5 4 7 2 0 18 - 2%
Family Reunion (without suitable
accommodation) 1 3 5 2 1 12 2%
End of Accommodation by Children’s
Social Services (S17) / Eviction from
supported living
4 10 4 2 20
4% 3%
Care Leaver 11 11 30% 1%
Rough Sleeper 8 1 9 3% 1%
Victim of Civil Unrest - Chagos Islands 5 3 8 1%
Prison Release 6 6 3% 1%
Regeneration Scheme 2 4 6 1%
Victim of Civil Unrest - Lebanon 1 3 1 5 1%
Illegal Eviction 2 1 3 0%
Fire 1 1 2 3% 0%
Relationship Breakdown 1 1 2 1% 0%
Accepted Main Housing Duty 1 1 2 0%
Victim of Civil Unrest - Sudan 1 1 2 0%
Modern Trafficking Victim 1 1 0%
Referral by Local Authority under S198 1 1 0%
Unsuitable Housing 1 1 1% 0%
206 267 199 64 4 740 100%
Private sector evictions are by far the most
prominent reason for bookings into nightly
paid accommodation, especially for larger
homes - 58% of bookings for families
requiring 3 bedrooms and 82% of bookings
for those requiring 4 bedrooms or more. One
bed bookings are much more evenly split
between private sector evictions, domestic
abuse, cessation of home office
accommodation, medical and hospital
discharge, with domestic abuse being the
most prevalent reason.
Families in need of four or more bedrooms
predominantly consisted of households at
risk of:
• homelessness under section 21(56
compared to 42 last year),
• those fleeing domestic violence (zero
compared to 11 last year), and
• family reunion (3, not one of the top 3
last year), representing the three primary
categories.
In contrast, families in need of three
bedrooms largely consisted of:
• households at risk of homelessness
under section 21 (115 compared to 83
last year +32),
• asylum seekers whose Home Office-
provided housing had ceased (29
compared to 23 last year +6) and
• domestic abuse (16 compared to 8 last
year) making up the three primary
categories.
25 | Page
Housing Register Analysis
As of 31st March 2025, Hillingdon’s housing register listed 3,194 households (29% 1 bed need, 34% 2 bed, 26% 3 bed & 11% 4 bed or more).
At this time, we were transitioning to a new banding system with bands 1 to 14, 3,112 had been placed on the new banding system as shown in
the table below. A further 82 were still to transition.
Housing Register by Band on 31 March 2025
0&1 bed 2 beds 3 beds 4 beds 5 beds Total
Band 1 0 0 1 0 0 1
Band 2 1 1 3 1 0 6
Band 3 5 11 3 0 1 20
Band 4 109 63 12 5 0 191
Band 5 8 1 3 6 0 18
Band 6 14 10 15 5 0 44
Band 7 2 0 2 0 0 4
208
269
198
64
4 1
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
1 2 3 4 5 (blank)
Total Bookings by Bed Size
Total
26 | Page
Band 8 14 5 1 1 0 21
Band 9 25 59 119 97 1 301
Band 10 64 86 91 27 0 268
Band 11 72 270 365 122 0 829
Band 12 305 234 132 23 0 694
Band 13 254 244 163 54 0 715
Band 14 0 0 0 0 0 0
Total 1 to 14 873 984 910 341 2 3112
Of those registered, 895 were homeless households, 819 of which were in the new bands.
Housing Register by Band on 31 March 2025
Homeless
Main Duty
Homeless
Relief
Homeless
Prevention
Total
Band 1 0 0 0 0
Band 2 0 0 0 0
Band 3 0 0 0 0
Band 4 0 0 0 0
Band 5 3 0 0 3
Band 6 2 0 0 2
Band 7 1 0 0 1
Band 8 1 0 0 1
Band 9 64 0 2 66
Band 10 68 4 2 74
Band 11 69 0 2 71
Band 12 19 2 4 25
Band 13 534 36 6 576
Band 14 0 0 0 0
Total 761 42 16 819
27 | Page
The proportion on the register for different bedsizes is similar for homeless households and the housing register as a whole. There is a slightly
higher proportion requiring 1 and 2 bed properties and slightly lower proportion requiring 3 bed properties.
Housing Register by Homelessness Duty/Beds
0&1 bed 2 beds 3 beds 4 beds 5 beds Total
Homeless Main Duty 211 297 227 95 0 830
Homeless Relief 40 4 2 0 0 46
Homeless Prevention 6 6 6 1 0 19
Total 257 307 235 96 0 895
Housing Register by Transfers/Beds
0&1 bed 2 beds 3 beds 4 beds 5 beds Total
Total 220 276 385 167 2
Housing Register for Overcrowding for Beds
0&1 bed 2 beds 3 beds 4 beds 5 beds Total
Total 179 446 411 108 0
Age Bands
Housing Register by Homelessness Duty/Age band
16-24 25-44 45-59 60-64 65-74 75+ Total
Homeless Main Duty 66 478 228 27 24 7 830
Homeless Relief 7 18 13 4 3 1 46
Homeless Prevention 0 11 7 0 1 0 19
Total 73 507 248 31 28 8 895
84% of homeless households on the housing register have a main applicant aged between 25 and 59.
The primary cause for registration on the housing list is due to overcrowding, which affects 1144 households (where known), representing 38% of
the total registrations with homeless household accounting for 29%. Many homeless cases (84%) fall within the 25 to 59 age group.
Housing Register by Main Reasons
Overcrowding 1144
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