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Residents’ Services Select Committee - 15 July 2025
Classification: Public
ANIMAL WELFARE & ANIMAL LICENSING
Committee name Residents’ Services Select Committee
Officer reporting Daniel Ferrer, Licensing Team Manager
Papers with report - Photographs of “Ronnie” – Appendix A
- Photographs of “Frankie” – Appendix B
- Council’s Public Space Protection Order – Appendix C
- SDK full annual report for 2024/25 - Appendix D
Ward All
HEADLINES
This report provides information on the Council’s responsibilities under animal welfare and animal
licensing legislation. It provides an overview of activity, trends and enforcement cases and
provides information on how residents can report intelligence and/or make complaints to the
Council.
RECOMMENDATIONS
That the Select Committee:
1. Notes the content of this report
SUPPORTING INFORMATION
ANIMAL LICENSING
The Animal Welfare (Licensing of Activities Involving Animals) (England) Regulations 2018
set out the framework for licensing activities involving animals in England. These regulations
came into force on 1 October 2018 and are designed to ensure the welfare of animals involved in
various activities. This is the biggest step in improving welfare standards for animals for many
years.
The regulations place a requirement on Local Authorities to have a competent and qualified
Officer for the purposes of carrying out the inspection required under the regulations. Currently,
the London Borough of Hillingdon ha s one officer that is qualified and another that is currently
undertaking the training.
The activities covered by the regulations are selling animals as pets, providing boarding for cats,
providing boarding for dogs in kennels, providing boarding for dogs in a residential home (Home
Boarding), providing day care for dogs (Commercial business with no overnight stays for dogs) ,
Residents’ Services Select Committee - 15 July 2025
Classification: Public
providing boarding for cats (catteries), hiring out horses for riding or instruction, dog breeding (for
those in scope of the regulations), and training animals for exhibition.
The regulations are supported by Statutory Guidance which makes up the conditions which
operators must comply with. The regulations operate on a rating system (compliance with
statutory guidance) and compliance history. The better the compliance, the better the Licence.
Licences vary in duration from 1 year to 3 years, and those with the highest standards of
compliance with the conditions including the “Higher Standard” conditions would achieve a 3-year
licence; those with compliance against all the mandatory conditions but not the higher standard
conditions would receive a 2 year licence, and those with 1-2 minor failings against the mandatory
conditions may achieve a 1 year licence. N.B, businesses that have a minor failing and achieve
a 1-year licence must improve as a 1-year licence may only be issued once. If no improvements
are made, then the business cannot be licensed.
Once a business is licenced, it must be inspected once more during the term of the licence. It
must be noted that , for the initial inspection for D og Breeding businesses, the Local Authority
Officer must be accompanied by a vet erinarian who m ust carry out their own inspection and
provide a report and recommendation. Following the veterinarian initial inspection, veterinarians
are not required to inspect again.
Hiring out horses for riding or instruction applications are also required to be initially inspected by
an equine veterinarian along with the Local Authority officer, but due to there being a higher ris k
to the public in this activity, riding schools are required to be inspected every year by the LA and
veterinarian.
Refusal and enforcement
Where a licence application is refused; the applicant may request a reinspection. Local Authorities
do not have to accept every request for a reinspection, and where a notice of refusal has been
issued, the applicant has 28 days to make an appeal to the First Tier Tribunal.
Where businesses are found not to be complying with the conditions laid out in the statutory
guidance, the Local Authority has powers to suspend or vary the licence accordingly.
Businesses which are found to be operating in the a bsence of a licence can be prosecuted for
the offence. This offence is contained within the Animal Welfare Act 2006 section 13 (Licensing
or registration of activities involving animals) which is the overarching legislation to the 2018
Regulations. It is also an offence to advertise an animal business without a licence, and this is
mostly found with dog breeding businesses where the puppies are advertised for sale, but the
business is unlicensed. These unlicensed businesses often have very poor welfare standards ,
thereby exploiting the animals that they are breeding from and compromising the welfare of both
the breeding dogs and the puppies. It should be noted that this is not limited to the breeding and
sale of dogs but is also common with people breeding and selling cats and other animals such as
birds and reptiles, which all fall into the activity of selling animals as pets.
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Numbers of Licensed premises:
Hiring out Horses – 3 premises which are all currently 3-year 5 star rated.
Breeding Dogs – 1 premises that is 3-year 5 star rated.
Boarding for Cats - 3 premises all 2-year 3 star rated
Home Boarding Dogs - 5 premises – all 3-year 5 star rated
Day Care for Dogs – 2 premises - all 3-year 5 star rated
Providing Kennels for Dogs – 1 premises 3-year 5 star rated
Selling Animals as Pets – 4 premises all 3-year 5 star rated.
Since the licensing of Activities involving Animal (England) Regulations 2018 came into force,
three businesses providing boarding for cats have closed ; one business was not compliant with
the regulations and was not able to be licensed, one closed due to the lease on the property not
being renewed and one has closed for refurbishment to become compliant with the regulations.
There has also been the closure of one business providing day care for dogs due to the lease on
the land not being renewed, and one business (riding School) closed due to financial reasons.
There are also a number of businesses including Dog Breeding, Home Boarding and Dog Day
Care that have not renewed their licence and may be potentially operating on an unlicensed basis.
The Team is closely monitoring these premises.
Unlicensed Activities.
The Licensing Team is aware that there are many businesses in the Borough who are potentially
operating on an unlicensed basis, and the most prevalent are those that breed and sell dogs
which often have the poorest welfare standards. The other prevalent operation is providing Home
Boarding for Dogs. The Team is focusing their efforts in these areas.
Unlicensed breeding of dogs - investigations
2025 - 5 cases
2024 – 6 cases
Unlicensed sale of animals as pets
2025 – 2 cases (1 cat breeder and 1 breeding other animals for sale as pets including
birds)
2024 – 1 case (1 cat breeder)
Unlicensed operators generally have very poor standards in animal welfare and husbandry, but
also as a result of the unlicensed activity, they deprive the Local Authority of licencing fees through
the licensing system. These unlicensed businesses will also avoid paying taxes on earnings
through the unlicensed businesses and often, as was seen in the breeding and sale of XL Bullies
prior to the ban, these individuals are often involved or connected to criminal gangs and networks.
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CASE STUDY: COLNE AVENUE
This 2018 case concerned unlicensed dog breeders . A couple in West Drayton, Galyna
Khudyakova and Volodymyr Tymoshenko, were fined nearly £50,000 for breeding and selling
dogs and cats without a license. They pleaded guilty to two offences at Uxbridge Magistrates
Court. This followed a large and complex case where officers executed a search warrant in
December 2018 reveal ing dozens of anima ls kept in poor conditions, with cages stacked from
floor to ceiling and a room used for animal birthing. The Judge sentenced each defendant
(identically) as follows:
1. Fine for each offence £4,500 (so £9,000 for each defendant)
2. Prosecution costs £15,000 each (so £30,000 between the defendants)
3. Victim surcharge £150 each
4. Total £24,150 in financial penalties/costs for each defendant - £48,300 in total.
In terms of the Possession Order the Council were awarded £282,738. These costs were high
because the Council were responsible for boarding costs and animal care for every animal prior
to the Possession Order being granted.
The defendants are currently continuing to pay these costs to the Council in monthly instalments
of £350.
CASE STUDY: Current Prosecution (LIVE CASE)
Whilst specific details cannot be divulged at this time, there is an investigation into a property and
those residing at the property which started in July 2020 with a number of complaints referred to
the licensing t eam in relation to unlicensed breeding of dogs and poor welfare conditions. An
intensive investigation took place and involved multiple agencies and organisations which
culminated in a Warrant being obtained to enter and search the premises in December 2021.
During the s earch in which officers were accompanied by a veterinarian, 16 adult dogs and 18
puppies were taken into possession due to poor welfare conditions. The investigation has led to
a prosecution file being submitted relating to unlicensed breeding but also a charge for conspiracy
to commit fraud due to the nature of the business. A court date of January 2026 has been given.
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ANIMAL WELFARE CRIME & ENFORCEMENT
Hillingdon Council ha s two Licensing Officers that have, by virtue of the legislation and the
authority, been appointed as animal welfare officers under the Animal Welfare Act 2006 (as well
as some other animal related legislation). This gives them powers under the Act to use certain
parts of the legislation to enforce, investigate and even prosecute for Animal Welfare offences.
The most utilised sections of the Animal Welfare Act 2006 legislation by Officers are:
Section 4: Unnecessary suffering of a protected animal
Section 9: Establishes a duty of care for individuals responsible for animals, requiring them
to take reasonable steps to ensure the welfare needs of those animals are met.
Section 10: Serving Improvement notices for any offence under section 9 that may not be
deemed serious enough to prosecute but that requires some intervention
Section 18.5 and 18.6: Taking animals into possession that are deemed to be suffering,
or that may suffer if the circumstances do not change
Section 20: Orders in relation to animals taken into possession a s above (under Section
18.5) such as taking over ownership of the animal so that it can be rehomed.
Section 23: Applications for warrants to enter a premises to search for evidence in relation
to offences under the act.
Section 30: The section that allows for the local authority to prosecute for offences under
the act.
Animal welfare reports are on the rise. In 2024 the Team received 9 complaints regarding animal
welfare and, as of June 2025, the Team is already at 15 within the first six months. The majority
come to the Team from residents complaining about neighbours, barking dogs, smelly premises
or incidents they have witnessed. The police also have the same powers, and arguably more due
to being able to make arrests etc, but with their ever-stretched resources, it often does, and should
fall to the local authority to be able to use the legislation and the powers given by the legislation
to act. The RSPCA also carry out investigations. It is important to remember though that they
have no more powers than a member of the public regarding the Animal Welfare Act and as they
are having to make more and more cuts for the charity to survive, they also have less capacity to
take on investigations or prosecutions. Establishing a good working relationship alongside these
partners is vital to gain the best intelligence and to try and prevent multiple agencies dealing with
the same issue. This can prove challenging as there is no central database for this information,
so officers need to rely on data request app lications and a good relationship with local officers
and RSPCA inspectors.
Where possible officers will attend addresses and locations where reports have been made and
then make assessments once in attendance. They often have little information beforehand, hence
risk assessments and evaluating whether any offences are present and their severity, are carried
out on scene in most cases. Officers have a large case load so cases are prioritised as efficiently
as possible, The Team would like to be more proactive, rather than reactive, but demand is high.
Officers would like to deliver training in animal welfare to other Council departments that make
regular visits to residents so they may have an idea of what to look out for or perhaps deliver
training to residents themselves.
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CASE STUDY: FREEZELAND WAY , STANWELL MOOR ROAD & BAYHURST WOODS
HORSES
This case study details the swift and effective actions taken by officers to address the issue of
abandoned horses on different sites within the Borough. Over the last six months, several horses
were dumped on various areas of Council-owned land, prompting immediate action from the
authorities.
Freezeland Way, Uxbridge: Officers discovered three horses and a foal abandoned at
Freezeland Way. Notices were served under the Control of Horses Act 2015, which allows
for the detention of unlawfully grazing horses. Two horses were removed before the 96 -
hour notice period ended, while the remaining horses were taken into Council possession.
Stanwell Moor Road : Eight horses were found on a large site with dilapidated stable
buildings along Stanwell Moor Road. All horses were removed before the 96 -hour notice
period ended, ensuring their safety and well-being.
Bayhurst Woods : Local residents report ed three ponies abandoned near Bayhurst
Woods. The ponies were removed to safety on January 14, 2025, following concerns
shared on social media.
Cranford Park: An incredibly sick pony, later named "Ronnie," was found abandoned at
Cranford Park. Officers removed Ronnie within hours for veterinary treatment. He was later
signed over to the RSPCA and has since recovered well.
The Control of Horses Act 2015 grants private landowners and local authorities the authority to
detain horses unlawfully grazing on their land. If no owner is found within 96 hours of the notice,
possession is taken by the council.
The main challenges for Officers during this operation included: finding homes, transport, and
arranging logistics for the removal of the horses. However, the beneficial outcomes saw effective
collaboration with other council departments, the RSPCA, transport companies, vets, and the
equine charity World Horse Welfare that ensured all horses were removed safely and had
somewhere to go, preventing the need for euthanasia or expensive bailiff services.
The worst welfare case involved “Ronnie”, a pony in poor health. He was treated and has since
recovered well. Ronnie now resides at the RSPCA Milbrook Centre and is hopeful for rehoming
in the future.
Before and after photographs of “Ronnie” can be found at Appendix A.
CASE STUDY: JB - use of Section 20 Animal Welfare Act 2006.
This case study details the actions taken by officers to address the welfare concerns of two dogs
owned by JB, a Council tenant living in sheltered housing. Over several months, the dogs were
found in poor conditions, prompting immediate action from the authorities.
On October 31, 2024, JB had a fall at home and was admitted to hospital. Neighbours discovered
the poor condition of her proper ty, with dog faeces and urine throughout. JB had two dogs, Lilly
and Bobby, without a care plan in place.
On November 8, 2024, the dogs were taken to kennels under the Care Act 2014. Lilly required
immediate veterinary care due to unstable diabetes. JB returned home on November 25, 2024,
and the property was cleaned. The dogs were returned on December 11, 2024, with improved
health.
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However, on December 21, 2024, JB was admitted to hospital again. Lilly was found very unwell
and later died. Bobby required immediate veterinary care. Officers issued an Improvement Notice
under Section 10 of the Animal Welfare Act on January 6, 2025, due to ongoing welfare concerns.
On March 10, 2025, Bobby was seized under Section 18.5 of the Animal Welfare Act. A Section
20 a pplication was successful, granting possession to the Council for rehoming. Bobby was
eventually rehomed via a charity.
The Care Act 2014 allows for the kennelling of animals when owners are unable to care for them.
The Animal Welfare Act provides powers to issue Improvement Notices and seize animals in poor
welfare conditions.
The main challenges in this case included managing the welfare of the dogs, cleaning the
property, and arranging logistics for kennelling and veterinary care. Effective collaboration with
the RSPCA, transport companies, vets, and equine charity World Horse Welfare ensured the
dogs were cared for and rehomed.
Lilly required immediate veterinary care due to unstable diabetes and later died. Bobby required
veterinary care and was eventually rehomed after being seized under the Animal Welfare Act.
The average cost of kennelling a dog is £35 per day per dog. The total costs for kennelling and
veterinary care amounted to £18,131.48, plus £250 for the application.
CASE STUDY: – New case of unlicensed breeding & selling of dogs.
An address within the Borough first came to the Team’s attention in September 2023 due to
multiple complaints from neighbours and waste collection teams about fly -tipping of dog faeces.
Initially, there was minimal evidence of dog breeding and selling, leading to a warning letter and
a Fixed Penalty Notice (FPN) for fly-tipping. Recently, the same address resurfaced with referrals
from Citizens Advice about a puppy with a serious heart condition and local police reporting a n
attack on a neighbour’s dog. Data requests to advertising sites revealed prolific breeding and
selling of dogs since 2022, with puppies sold for £3000 - £5000 each. Social media searches
further supported this eviden ce; The address is a Council property with no permission to run a
business. Efforts are underway to apply for a search warrant under Section 23 of the Animal
Welfare Act to gather more evidence for prosecution. The goal is to address the issue of
unlicensed breeding and selling in the Borough, a widespread problem across the country.
CASE STUDY: “FRANKIE” – on going investigation to consider FPNs
On March 31, 2025, an SDK (Contracted Dog Warden Service Provider) collection report raised
immediate concerns for Animal Welfare officers when a stray dog, later named “Frankie”, was
found emaciated and suffering from a severe skin condition. The dog required urgent veterinary
treatment. The owner listed on the microchip claimed to have given the dog to another person a
week prior, who then reported finding the stray. Both parties refused to take responsibility for the
dog. Officers suspected that Frankie's condition had deteriorated over a longer period, prompting
an investigation.
Veterinary treatment was provided, and evidence was gathered to support a potential prosecution
under Section 9 of the Animal Welfare Act 2006. The previous owners will be invited for a PACE-
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compliant interview once all evidence is collected. After the required seven-day retention period,
Frankie was sent to a charity and is expected to be rehomed. Officers visited Frankie two months
later to document his recovery, which will be crucial evidence in demonstrating that his needs
were not met by the previous owners, who also misused Council stray dog services.
Photographs of “Frankie” can be found at Appendix B.
This case is a good example of where PCNs for Animal Welfare offences may be well utilised in
the future.
A penalty notice under the act gives an individual or body corporate (such as a company or
charity) the opportunity to avoid prosecution for a criminal offence by paying a fee. Payment of a
penalty notice does not require an admission of guilt and will not result in a criminal record.
Penalty notices will add to and complement the current suite of enforcement and regulatory
options, such as:
advice and guidance
warning letters or statutory notices
movement restrictions
cautions and prosecutions
This is to support early redirection through behaviour change, to promote compliance with animal
health and welfare rules.
Penalty notices are not designed for serious offences (or where a ban from animal ownership is
sought) or for minor breaches where advice and guidance in the first instance would be sufficient
in rectifying the issue . It enables fines to be given for up to £5000. Given the amount of time it
takes for cases to be heard at court and the lenient sentences and fines being imposed when
they get there, the PCN could be a good alternative is some cases, though prosecution will always
be considered and will not be replaced. Any case where a PCN has been issued but then
subsequently remains unpaid, will then require prosecution so careful consideration will need t o
be given to each case.
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DOGS
Dangerous Dogs & XL Bullies
From 31 December 2023, The Dangerous Dogs Act 1991 was updated so it made it against the
law to:
sell an XL Bully dog
abandon an XL Bully dog or let it stray
give away an XL Bully dog
breed from an XL Bully dog
have an XL Bully in public without a lead and muzzle
In addition , from 1 February 2024 it was made a criminal offence to own an XL Bully dog in
England and Wales unless your dog has a Certificate of Exemption.
The responsibility for determining if a dog is an XL Bully rests with the owners; should the owners
choose to ignore the change in legislation or refuse to accept that their dog is an XL Bully, this
may still result in the dog being seized.
The Government Guidance regarding the XL Bully ban can be viewed at:
https://www.gov.uk/guidance/ban-on-xl-bully-dogs
As is the case with current breed types that are prohibited, the police are the lead enforcement
agency and will investigate for offences under Section 1 of the Dangerous Dogs Act 1991. T he
Licensing Team work in partnership with police forces to share intelligence and information where
appropriate if this relates to a Section 1 offence e.g. Illegal breeding, or if a suspected prohibited
breed type is picked up as a stray once the ban is in force. Seizure of d ogs that require to be
seized under The Dangerous Dogs Act will be carried out by the Police; it will also be up to the
Police to “Type” a dog that is either referred to them by a Dog Warden Service or seized by the
Police.
The current situation within the London Borough of Hillingdon is that the Licensing Team are
aware of one premises where there is a Community Protection Warning in place; this was issued
to the owner due to the aggressive nature of the dogs - there are two XL Bully’s at the property.
Since the 1 April 2023, SDK (Contracted Dog Warden Service Provider) have collected 3 XL
Bullies which were returned to their owners.
The London Borough of Hillingdon have no Licensed XL Bully breeders, although Licensing is
aware of a number that are potentially operating on an unlicensed basis. It is also understood that
one particular unlicensed breeder is continuing to breed despite the ban coming into force. The
Team is investigating and focusing efforts on these cases.
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PSPO
The updated Council Public Spaces Protection Order (PSPO) which came into force on 1st May
2025 imposes a number of offences for dog walkers, they include:
a person in sole charge of 4 dogs in a public space without a Dog Walkers licence
a person in sole charge of 6 dogs in a public space with a Dog Walkers licence
a person in charge of a dog that defecates on land within the ‘restricted area’ and fails to
remove the faeces
The Council’s full PSPO can be found at Appendix C.
The Council’s Environmental Enforcement Team deals with offences under the PSPO by issuing
Fixed Penalty Notices. Last year they received 82 complaints regarding dogs and issued 2 FPNs.
The Team deals with these by installing signage in the area of concern (more specifically no dog
fouling) and patrolling is actioned. Should offences be witnessed by officers, then FPNs will be
issued.
.
Dog Walking Licences
Hillingdon has a voluntary professional dog walking licence scheme in place where persons who
are paid to walk dogs need to be registered with the Council. This scheme helps maintain the
environment and support the upkeep of the parks and people’s enjoyment of them , through the
effective management of commercial dog walking. Licence holders are subject to conditions of
the licence and codes of conduct. There is a restriction on walking 6 dogs at a time in Hillingdon’s
green spaces. Those operating without a licence could face a fine of up to £100. Since the
scheme started in 2019, the Licensing Team has issued 106 Dog Walking Licences.
Microchipping requirements
The Microchipping of Cats and Dogs (England) Regulations 2023 require that all cats and dogs
in England be microchipped by a certain age and registered on a compliant database. Specifically,
cats must be microchipped by 20 weeks of age, and dogs by 8 weeks of age. Failure to comply
with these regulations can result in a fine of up to £500.
During the period 01/01/2024 to 31/12/2024 – of the 44 dogs that were reclaimed following
collection as strays by the Council’s contracted Stray Dog Service, SDK Environmental Services
Ltd, only 30 were microchipped. It is likely that most owners would correctly microchip their dogs
following receiving a warning letter, and over time increase the number of dogs that could be
directly returned to owner and reduce the burden on the London Borough of Hillingdon in terms
of rehoming fees. Therefore, officers will be focusing more on this area of work by following up
on any non-microchipped dogs and by also providing education to the local community.
Barking dogs – CPN’s/CPW’s Noise nuisance
Persistent barking can constitute a statutory noise nuisance under the Environmental Protection
Act 1980 and this issue is dealt with the Council’s Environmental Protections Officers . The EP
Team received 104 complaints last year for barking dogs.
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In addition, under the Anti-Social Behaviour, Crime and Policing Act 2014 – Part 4, auth orised
officers are able to issue Community Protection Warnings (CPWs) and Community Protection
Notices (CPNs) to correct the dog owners’ behaviour where their dog is is having a detrimental
effect of a persistent or continuing nature, on the quality of life of those in the locality, and the
conduct is unreasonable.
Impact of Covid and Cost of Living Crisis
There have been several reports highlighting the increase in abandoned dogs due to both the
COVID-19 pandemic and the ongoing cost of living crisis. During the pandemic, many people
adopted pets for companionship while staying at home. However, as life returned to normal, some
pet owners found it challenging to mana ge their pets alongside their changing routines. This led
to a significant rise in pet surrenders. Financial hardships also played a role, with many families
struggling to afford pet care costs. The cost-of-living crisis has further exacerbated the situation.
In the UK, for example, the Royal Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (RSPCA)
reported a 24% increase in abandoned animals in 2022. Rising costs of pet food, veterinary care,
and other essentials have made it difficult for many pet owners to keep their pets.
At Hillingdon, The Licensing Team has seen some evidence that supports this. For example, from
2021/22 there was a 38% increase in dog collections from the Council’s Stray Dog Service, SDK
Limited. Furthermore, in the same period , although there was an increase in dogs returned to
their owners, there was a 83% increase in dogs going to kennels and a 114% increase in dogs
that needed rehoming.
The table below shows the previous 3 Year Statistics (October 2021 to September 2024)
Oct 2021 -
Sept 2022
Oct 2022 -
Sept 2023
+/- on
previous
year
October 2023 -
Sept 2024
+/- on previous
year
Total Requests for Service 200 275 38% 264 -4%
Aborted Service Requests 85 95 12% 72 -24%
In Hours Service Requests 96 137 43% 137 0%
Out of Hours Service
Requests 104 138 33% 127 -80%
Direct RTO 25 28 12% 33 18%
Section 150's Issued 9 4 -55% 7 75%
Total Dogs to Kennels 81 148 83% 152 3%
Total Dogs Rehomed 34 73 114% 65 -11%
Total Dogs Claimed from
Kennels 43 59 37% 54 -9%
Total Dogs PTS 0 16 100% 28 75%
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The RSPCA's Animal Kindness Index 2022 Report discusses the rise in animal abandonments
and the impact of the cost-of-living crisis. A link to the full report can be found below:
The Animal Kindness Index 2022 Report | RSPCA - RSPCA - rspca.org.uk
STRAY DOG SERVICE
The Council has a statutory responsibility under the Environmental Protection Act 1990 as
amended by the Clean Neighbourhoods and Environment Act 2005, to deal with stray and lost
dogs found in the Borough and has relied on an external provider, SDK Environmental Services
Ltd, to discharge its responsibilities.
On 15 April 2025 the Leader , in consultation with the Cabinet Member for Community &
Environment, formally accepted the tender from SDK Environmental Services Ltd for the provision
of a stray dog and rehoming service to the London Borough of Hillingdon for a three -year period
from 1 July 2025 to 31 March 2028. This followed a competitive tender and procurement process.
The stray and lost dog service operates on a 24-hour, seven days per week basis and includes
transportation to licenced kennelling facilities , collection of statutory fines and administrative
duties. This includes taking front line calls and issuing statutory notices on behalf of the Council.
This contract award provides the Council with a single supplier with sufficient resources, technical
knowledge and experience to deliver stray dog and kennelling service s in accordance with
statutory requirements. It also ensures that the Council complies with its statutory duties to
provide a dog warden/stray dog service.
During the last financial year 2024/25 there were a total of 183 total requests for the service. 97
of these requests were in hours whilst 86 were called out of hours. A total of 110 dogs were
transported to kennels. 43 of these were rehomed and 43 were returned to their owners. 24 dogs
were put to sleep.
SDK’s full annual report for 2024/24 can be found at Appendix D.
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ANIMAL DISEASE & CONTINGENCY
In the UK, The Animal Health Act 1981 is the primary piece of legislation in relation to Animal
Health which enables the Minister to make legislation relating to animal health and welfare. It is
worth noting that the majority of animal health legislation within the UK derives from European
law, and a lot of EU legislation is enabled into UK law via the Animal Health Act 1981.
Along with the Animal Health Act 1981, EU Regulations originally made under the European
Communities Act and now implemented through the European Union (Withdrawal) Act 2018 ,
County councils, metropolitan boroughs and unitary authorities in England have a statutory duty
to work with local communities to help them comply with laws that are aimed at preventing the
spread of animal disease and protecting the welfare of animals.
There are a number of agencies including Local Authorities (LA) that have statutory
responsibilities under this Act, which include the Department for Environment and Rural Affairs
(DEFRA) and the Animal and Plant Health Agency (APHA) . The Primary function for Local
Authorities is to carry out enforcement in relation to the Act or other legislation made under the
Act.
The Animal Health Act 1981 also requires that, under S50, a local authority shall execute and
enforce this act. Also, every order made under it , and S.52, every LA shall appoint as many
officers as they think necessary to enforce the Act. It is worth noting that there over 100 different
pieces of legislation that relate to Animal Health and the prevention and control of the spread of
disease.
Powers
General Animal Health Act powers include Entry (Certain conditions apply), Examine / Inspect /
Copy, take photographs, take measurements, take samples / tests, Seizure and removal; to Mark
any object or thing, Slaughter animals (Certain conditions apply) Detain and Destroy, and Serve
Notice. These powers are some of the most robust contained in UK Legislation and should give
an indication of the seriousness of th e subject matter. The Animal Health Act also places the
requirement that anyone having in their charge an animal affected or suspected of having certain
disease at speed must notify that fact to the police, who in turn must notify LA / APHA. The
diseases covered by this legal requirement are known as notifiable diseases and include such
diseases as FMD, Avian Influenza etc, often known as NOTIFIABLE EXOTIC DISEASES.
It is worth pointing out that, following the 2001 Foot and Mouth outbreak, a pig farmer who ran a
pig fattening unit in Heddon on the Wall, Northumberland, was also found guilty of wilfully failing
to alert officials when he knew his animals had the disease, causing unnecessary suffering to
pigs, feeding his animals unprocessed waste and failing to properly dispose of animal by products
This farm was traced back to the start of the outbreak which then cost the UK economy over £8
billion, which would equate to £16.9 billion today. Foot and mouth disease was suspected at an
abattoir in Essex on 19 February 2001 and confirmed the following day. By the time the disease
had been eradicated in September 2001, more than six million animals had been slaughtered ;
over four million for disease control purposes and over two million for welfare reasons. At least
57 farms had already been infected with the virus when the disease was confirmed on 20
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February 2001. The disease spread quickly and there were outbreaks in 44 counties, unitary
authorities and metropolitan districts and over 2,000 premises were infect ed. In mid-April 2001,
at the height of the crisis, more than 10,000 vets, soldiers, field and support staff, assisted by
thousands more working for contractors, were engaged in fighting the disease. Up to 100,000
animals were slaughtered and disposed of each day in what was a massive and complex logistical
operation. Tourism suffered the largest financial impact from the outbreak, with visitors to Britain
and the countryside deterred by the initial blanket closure of footpaths by local authorities and
media images of mass pyres . This highlights the importance of animal disease control as the
outbreak affected not only farming, tourism and hospitality but also the food industry and exports.
Controls
The UK ha s an overarching disea se control strategy (Contingency plan for exotic notifiable
diseases of animals in England - GOV.UK ) which, through the Civil Contingencies Act 2004,
filters down to Local Regions and then to Authorities and the Resilience Forums. Local Authorities
must have their own Risk register and Animal Health and Disease should make up an element of
this register. Local Authorities have access to Field Officer Guides produced by the Association
of Chief Trading Standards Officers (ACTSO) which provide guidance in the case of an outbreak.
See link for details. Guidance
Current Situation
The two most prevalent diseases currently are Avian Influenza and Bluetongue. Avian Influenza
affects bird populations which include both wild and captive birds and is generally more prevalent
during the colder months and is brought in by migrant birds. When avian influenza is confirmed
in poultry at an individual premises, a declaration will be served on the premises, and a 3km
Protection and 10km Surveillance Zones are declared to prevent the spread of disease beyond
the area around the infected farm. Keepers of poultry or other captive birds kept within a
Protection Zone or Surveillance Zone (or temporary control zones or othe r low pathogenic
restricted zones) must comply with the biosecurity requirements declared specifically for such
zones. This does not remove the obligation to comply with the additional biosecurity measures
required by the Prevention Zone Declaration.
In the case of Bluetongue, a 10km temporary control zone (TCZ) may be put in place around
the affected farms which will restrict all movements of susceptible animals except under veterinary
licence.
The London Borough of Hillingdon to date has had no reports of suspected or confirmed cases
of Bluetongue, and although the London Borough of Hillingdon did see some cases of Avian
Influenza in the Wild Bird population in 2023/2024, there have been no reports of suspected or
confirmed cases in captive birds (Poultry Farms)
During the high vector period for both diseases, the London Borough of Hillingdon did write to all
known keepers to inform them of movement restrictions or mandatory biosecurity measures.
Should an outbreak occur, the London Borough of Hillingdon would be required to enforce
measures put in place.
Although the UK is considered to be Rabies Free, Local Authorities should , as with control
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strategies for other Animal Dise ases, be familiar with the implications that would be invol ved in
an outbreak. This would need to consider safety of staff and vaccinations, collection of infected
animals, where the infected animals would be kept as it is unlikely that this would be supported
by the Stray Dog collection service provider , and local authorities should identify premises that
may be used in advance of a disease situation, and culling and disposal, as well as being required
to enforce movement restrictions on animals, and other restrictions placed on the area infected.
Please see the control strategy for further details. rabies-control-strategy-aug2019a.pdf
Planning and preparedness
The London Borough of Hillingdon has been fortunate over recent years with no significant
outbreaks of animal disease. With all animal diseases, there is a level of preparedness that would
be required to be able to respond effectively to an outbreak. Currently , the Lond on Borough of
Hillingdon may not be sufficiently prepared to respond effectively to an outbreak.
Europe
Between January and March 2025, a number of cases of Foot & Mouth Disease were confirmed
in Germany, Slovakia and Hungary. As soon as these cases were confirmed, the UK Government
acted quickly to restrict certain products from being brought into the UK. It is also worth noting
that, in relation to Bluetongue, the infected midge being blown over from continental Europe is
now in the high vector period for the spread of this disease. Cold winters in the UK do help to
eliminate infected midge in the UK although it is now expected that there will be some
overwintering. As the UK and Europe are now again in more suitable climatic conditions, i t may
be expected that cases will again rise. It is also thought by experts that the effect on the UK is
around 12 months behind the effects in Europe, and this could now result in a far worse scenario
for cattle and sheep farmers in the UK this year.
Currently the London Borough of Hillingdon has one officer that actively monitors this area of work
due to other demands on the service. Therefore, it is a challenge to carry out more proactive visits
or farm inspections to check for matters such as farmed animal welfare, cleansing and disinfection
procedures, fallen stock management, compliance with national bio security or housing
measures, animal identification requirements or transportation regulations and Bovine
Tuberculosis vaccinations. The Licensing Team will respond to any notifications from DEFRA /
APHA where intervention is required; in 2024, two on farm joint inspections were carried out with
APHA due to concerns raised around cattle movements . On this occasion no non -compliance
was found.
Waste process and Green Spaces process for clearing deceased animals
The London Borough of Hillingdon do es not currently have a policy for dealing with deceased
animals. Although the London Borough of Hillingdon does have land that is leased out for the
purpose of grazing animals or keeping horses, it does not have any livestock of its own. In the
case of Avian Influenza in the wild bird population, the London Borough of Hillingdon has relied
on the assistance of Swan Support, a charitable organisation that has assisted with the collection
of deceased wild birds. These were then stored in freezers at Harlington Road Depot, which are
emptied when full and taken to Grunden's for incineration.
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How this report benefits Hillingdon residents
Select Committees monitor services that matter to residents and directly engage residents in
developing policy proposals and recommendations to Cabinet. As such, Committees seek to
improve the way the Council provides services to residents.
Financial Implications
None at this stage.
Legal Implications
None at this stage.
BACKGROUND PAPERS
Nil.
Text extracted automatically from the PDF, so layout, tables and images are not shown. Open the original PDF on LB Hillingdon’s website.